TOURISM MARKETING Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

TOURISM MARKETING - Coursework Example The reliability of online communication proves to be efficient in the delivery of information to tourists from diversified regions across the globe. The availability of social media provides relevant methods for the tourism industry to market its services. Tourists have the advantages to make reservations and advanced bookings through online communication means and do not have to be physically present at their preferred tourist destinations to make bookings. Marketing is one of the most reliable impacts that the travel and tourism industry benefits from, both online communication ansd social media. Impacts of Online Communication and Social Media on Travel and Tourism Marketing In the twenty first century the marketing process of travel and tourism made viral marketing possible, which refers to the process whereby the industry applies several marketing methods relying on the use of social media and online communication (Sigala & Gretzel, 2012). Through a sensitive review of the touri sm body, there is an offer on comprehensive viral marketing approach that has considerations of the global tourism business. With the availability of online communication and social media tourist destinations have the opportunity to market their brands and involve the audience to gain access to tourists and travelers at an international level. Online marketing policies and social media are applicable in the exploration process of the methods that are relevant to destination branding and audience assignation. Online communication is highly helpful for the tourism and travel industry’s marketing procedure because approximately 29% of the global population uses internet on a daily basis (Internet Usage Statistics, 2011). The research information on the internet usage was availed in June, 2010, and is reliable statistics for the marketers within the tourism and travel industry (Munar & Cai, 2013). The tourism and travel customers have the advantage to gain travel experience throu gh the internet forums availed in the internet. There is the possibility to seek advice and additional information about the various locations that the clients desire to visit. The development of the social media websites facilitates the change in communication frequencies with individuals’ virtual lifestyle. Social media retain a reliable spot for the tourism and travel industry because it endures a constant evolution due to the advancement in the internet services. The tourism and travel sector employs the social media websites as essential communication channels to assist in the access of the industry’s clients (Wang & Pizam, 2011). Online communication enhances the modes of access in that the audiences get reliable methods for access to their customers. The incorporation of the online communication seems elementary with the advantage that it is cheap and reliable in terms of accessibility. To market a tourism firm is much cheaper and efficient through application o f the internet unlike other outdated measures such as printing fliers. There are sources that confirm the idea that the internet in addition to other Information technology alterations has had an impact on the industry to an unprecedented scale. The information availed through the internet appears to be influential to the decision-making process in the current human society. Majority of the persons living in the present generation seem to rely extensively on the information that is available in the internet (International Conference & Brebbia, 2010). In the tourism and travel industry, it is evident that most tourists implement the internet in their travel and tourism arrangements such as booking air tickets with accommodations on

ICT impact on social networks size and strengths Essay Example for Free

ICT impact on social networks size and strengths Essay Information technology has formed the backbone of socio-economic progression. It has opened the social condensation and propelled communication and business progress to higher performance and productivity levels. However there are various implications on the society that are being looked at as checks and balances in this advancement. The hypothetical position on social networks as within the dimensional and convectional implications is that, ICT has reduced the strength of social networks as well as the strengths of the social networks. The overall and the subsequent repercussion is condensation of the social integration and incubating social diversity into a less dynamic society due to lack of social networks. Overview on ICT impact on social networks A debate has come up on this hypothetical implication on the social networks and how social integration can be reconstructed and strengthened again. According to various research attributes and findings on implications of ICT diversity in the society is mainly based on disintegration of social networks. Andreina M (2002) points out that information technology has become an important tool in the society. She argues that the impacts of the internet on sociability are more diverse. People with lower social skills are negatively affected by ICT developments. These assertion project ICT as a key element social network disintegration. Social networks, according to Andreina, M. , bring together people of different sorts and helps bond society constituents. What is the impact of ICT on social networks size and strength? The hypothetical argument of ICT disintegrating size and strength of social networks is based on the diversity of ICT. Alan N, John P, R (2002) point out that ICT is revolutionary. This makes its implications on social networks vilified. Current social-economic views on social networks and ICT Alan N, John P, R (2002) further argue that ICT is a major historical event. At individual level, the revolution might be related to the social impact of IT, in terms of new ways of relating to other people and maintaining social contacts. The behavioural impacts of two-way communications formats, like the internet and the telephone, i-phone and phone messaging. They are used subtly to establish and maintain social relationships forming new infrastructures that facilitate different patterns of interaction. These implications reduce the size and strength of the social networks. There is less communication between certain social partners and groups reducing social interaction. ii- Social networks A synopsis that draws out the contentious breakage of social networks is that they are units of the people who meet and mingle freely to discuss and share their aspects of live. Social networks have incubated new types of networks which fit in to the ICT revolution. Seen in the context of Andreina M (2002), cyberspace networks and cell phone communication-video conferencing social networks have emerged as the breakaway social networks as a result of weakening of human-social networks. The emergence of ICT weakened social networks, and Andreina informs of cognitive and social digital networks are part of the more general cognitive and social networks that individuals are in and can access. Traditional and electronic social networks In her argument on diversity of social network transformation, Andriena examines the rise of technology as also a filler of the gap left by the weakened and less sizeable social network. Social networks consist of mainly friends, family and business circles that regularly meet to share ideas and merge to reach various principal objectives. According to Andreina, this is the offline outlook of social networks. She argues that, the internet cognitive and cultural space cannot be considered separated from the offline experience. If conceptual, it is particularly true when considering the diffusion of ubiquitous technology and cross-channel integrated communications on the net. Andreina M (2002) This point out the dynamism in social networks is now being transformed into a less strong position which is the cyberspace and video conferencing in phones and group messaging through mobile telephony. Earlier outlook of the social networks drew out a picture of a cohesive society where in meeting and sharing through live conversations. The picture today is different, more mobile phone calls and emailing is seen to replace meetings hence, subsequent weakening and reduction of size of the social network. How social networks have changed with emergence of technology Emergence of ICT based networking has transformed the facade of social networking, especially on issue based perspective as well as cognitive socio-economic approach. Earliest communication technologies, like simple conversations that evolved into more long distance forms illustrate the basic nature of one-to-one targeted communications. Meyer. K. , John P, R, Alan N, Anthony, A. (2002); besides, major concerns on the social transformation focus mainly on social life and personal communication and mass communication. Erstwhile, Meyer K. , John P, R, Alan N, Anthony, A. (2002) argue that the change focus is on the social networks secondary activities, social network company and the social network location. Secondary activities feature group television watching and so forth while social company looks at type of individual representation in terms of rankings in social stature. Time spent by the group’s members, by family members or by friends has become lessened. There is also a decline in level of discussion and verbal communication in live meetings due to the ICT based communication through which the persons in the groups exhaust most of their talks successively and comprehensively.

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Question 1: Based upon the accompanying INTSUM, OPREP-3, and Warning Order for the Bangladesh scenario provide a Combatant Commander's revised mission statement. Ensure that this statement includes the elements of "who, what, when, where, and why". (10 points) When directed, US Pacific Command employs joint forces in concert with coalition forces to conduct foreign humanitarian assistance operations in Bangladesh in order to alleviate the immediate loss of life and stabilize the humanitarian crisis caused by Cyclone Janari. Conduct of operations is in support of US Government lead agency (Department of State/USAID and the US Ambassador to Bangladesh) and in coordination with local government forces, nongovernmental organizations, and private voluntary organizations to provide rapid aid delivery while minimizing US and coalition forces footprint. On order, stabilize the Joint Operations Area, transition control to the Government of Bangladesh, and redeploy to home station. Question 2: The commander's intent identifies the purpose of the campaign and the endstate. Based upon the INTSUM, OPREP-3 and Warning Order provide the Combatant Commander's intent. (10 points) As the Combatant Commander, my intent is to support the Government of Bangladesh in stabilizing the immediate humanitarian crisis by conducting foreign humanitarian assistance (FHA) operations in the affected areas. We will conduct/lead combined operations with coalition forces, local government forces, interagency (Department of State/USAID and the US Ambassador to Bangladesh), nongovernment organizations (NGO), and private voluntary organizations (PVO) to the extent that the Government of Bangladesh can then provide adequate assistance to victims of Cyclone Jan... ... and emergence of cooperative activities allow for lesser state and non-state actors the ability to develop offensive and counterspace systems that can create a degraded environment. Therefore, US forces are compelled to develop mission-effective alternatives (e.g. nontraditional ISR platforms like targeting pods), establish access of partner capabilities, and build resilience in cost effective next space capabilities (hosting payloads on various platforms). For these reasons, The Air Force can best accept risk within the global integrated ISR capability. References: Campaign Planning Primer: AY 07 (Carlisle, PA: US Army War College, Department of Military Strategy, Planning, and Operations), 1-35. Deptula, D. Lesson 6, Reading 1. Dorsett, D. Lesson 13, Reading 4. Gates, R. Lesson 7, Reading 2. Rueschhoff, J. Lesson 2, Reading 4. Schwartz, N. Lesson 6, Reading 2.

Characteristics of Modernism in Jewel in the Crown and Heart of Darknes

Characteristics of Modernism in Jewel in the Crown and Heart of Darkness      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A Modern novel, Jewel in the Crown, by Paul Scott, depicts the latter stages of imperialism's erosion and explores it through the lives of individuals and their relationships as symbolic of larger societal conflicts and political events.   Jewel was written well into the 20th Century and employs thematic concepts and literary forms characteristic of Modernism, as well as being significant in its literary-historical context of the decline of British Imperialism/post- colonialism in India.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   "Some of the major issues to which twentieth century literature responded in ways generally known as 'Modernism' are: a growing awareness of a variety of cultures which had differing but cogent world-views; exploitation of other cultures and races, and a society built on power and greed" (Lye, 1996).   The fact that Modern literature explored these issues with more scrutiny, candor, and depth than previous literary eras.   "This is the story of rape, of the events that led to it and followed it and of the place in which it happened" (Scott, 1966).   The rape is of a young British women in colonial India, but also of the rape of India by Britain, "the affair...ended with the spectacle of two nations in violent opposition, not for the first time nor as yet for the last because they were then still locked in an imperial embrace of such long standing and subtlety it was no longer possible for them to know whether the y hated or loved on another, or what held them together and seemed to have confused the image   of their two destinies" (Scott, 1966).   The events, interactions, and sentiments of Daphne, the woman in question, and those of the ot... ....   For Jewel in the Crown and Heart of Darkness, the questions and criticisms of British Imperialism are brought up metaphorically through their stories they tell, and so interrelated in subject theme, mark a specific period in time tin B ritish History.  Ã‚      Works Cited and Consulted  Ã‚   Agatucci, C. (2001).   ENG 103, Survey of British Literature.   Central Oregon Community College. Damrosch, D., et al., ed.   The Longman Anthology of British Literature: VolB.   Compact ed.   New York: Longman-Addison Wesley Longman, 2000. Lye,J. (1996).   Some Cultural Forces Driving Literary Modernism,   (Dept of English, Brock Univ.) 2F55: Modern Fiction.  Ã‚   http://www.brocku.ca/english/courses/2F55/forces.htm [last accessed: June 2001]. Scott, P. (1966).   The Jewel in the Crown. Vol. 1 of the Raj Quartet.   Rpt. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998.   

10 Effects of Smoking in Health

10 Effects of Smoking in Health Are you aware about effects of smoking habit? Scientific studies reveal that smoking causes short-term as well as long-term effects on health. American Lung Association says smoking affects around 9 million people in U. S alone, and it causes the death of approximately 450,000 individuals per year. Cancer is a common serious threat of smoking. It also causes several aesthetic problems, cardiovascular problems, respiratory problems and reproductive health problems. This article discusses about various negative effects of smoking. 1.Respiratory Health Effects – Tobacco contains several toxic substances that damage our lungs and other respiratory organ while inhaling. It seriously affects larynx and trachea which in turn result in the permanent killing of lungs. Long-term smoking causes harsh side effects like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, emphysema and chronic bronchitis. 2. Cardiovascular Health Effects – Smoking caus es the narrowing of blood vessels and arteries by depositing several toxic substances. This affects their normal functioning, and causes high blood pressure.Prolonged smoking gradually leads to nerve problems& blood clots, which may result in heart attacks or strokes. 3. Vision Health Effects – Smoking causes vision problems like macular degeneration and cataracts. Researches show that long-term smoking causes incurable vision problems that may even result in blindness. 4. Reproductive Health Effects – Smoking causes less production of estrogen  hormone that is linked to infertility in women. Premature birth, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), under weight problems, and early menopause are common reproductive effects in women. Long-term smoking causes impotency in men. 5.Skin Health Effects – Premature aging, yellowish skin and wrinkles are commonly found side effects of smoking. Skin damage is directly linked to smoking since it restricts the adequate blood flow in skin. Majority of addicted smokers lose their appetite and reduce the intake of food. Inadequate nutrition and food habits result in serious health effects on skin. 6. Psychological Effects – smoking has addictive side effects since it contains Nicotine. Majority of smokers believe that smoking makes them feel relief. However, truth is that smoking causes several addictive problems, which may result in depression and anxiety. 7.Digestion Problems – Smoking causes heartburn problems, liver damage, reduced appetite, crohn's disease and ulcers. Long-term smoking results in the damage of esophagus, and that causes acid reflux & heart-burn problems. Crohn's disease is a severe intestine disease that causes diarrhea, abdominal pain, etc. 8. Respiratory Alignments – Health and Human Services of U. S reveals that smokers are more prone to respiratory alignments like flu, pneumonia, cold, bronchitis, etc. They also take longer recovery time compared to normal pe rsons. 9. Athletic Performance Issues – Smoking affects the physical fitness of an individual.Long-term smokers are more prone to injuries and accidents. Smokers have reduced capacity to generate sufficient muscle cell & collagen to generate muscles. 10. Other Effects – Smoking causes awful body odor and bad breath as well. Since smokers have reduced smell sense, they may not consider it as an issue. There are about 5 million people in the world die in each year from the effects of smoking. Smoking is an unnecessary health hazard that causes serious effects. Quitting this habit is not easy. However, when you quit smoking you not only save your health but also our environment!

Free Essays on Gay Marriages

Gay Marriages The essay on gay marriages discusses how gay relationships are harmful to those that are heterosexual. The essay mentions how gay marriages were legalized and how it caused an outburst. There are no facts pointing to how the gay relationships affect those that are heterosexual so I personally do not believe that is necessarily true. I believe gay marriages are just like any other marriage. This particular essay also mentions it is not the gay marriages that are corrupting those marriages that are between a man and a woman and that any marriage can fall apart for any reason. I believe marriages are between two people who are emotionally and physically attracted and connected to one another. America is known as the land of the free and this is how it should remain. It should remain as it is known because America is a country where religion, jobs, and freedom of speech are all legal and harmless. If two men or two women love each other and wan’t to be married until death do them part then let them be. I do not think anyone should be aloud to tell anyone else who and who they are not aloud to marry or live with. Gay marriages are perfectly ok by me and it is not as if the two homosexual lovers are making out in public or anything. So why be offended by it? Black and whites get married and produce children of a mixed race and yet still with all the racism in America there are not half as many complaints or any laws trying to stop that from happening. So what is wrong with society and what happened to the land of the free? Love is love I think. I am in love with my fiancà ©e as he is with me and I would adore getting married to him one day. If there was a law stating I could not marry him I would be in disbelief and I would cause uproar. I can only imagine and wonder what these homosexual couples are thinking. Hate crimes against gays are also a bigger problem than most think. Why can’t we leave them alone and let them l... Free Essays on Gay Marriages Free Essays on Gay Marriages I Now Pronounce You Man and Man The proposed legalization of same-sex marriage is one of the most significant issues in contemporary American family law. Presently, it is one of the most vigorously advocated reforms discussed in law reviews, one of the most explosive political questions facing lawmakers, and one of the most provocative issues emerging before American courts. If same-sex marriage is legalized, it could be one of the most revolutionary policy decisions in the history of American family law. The potential consequences, positive or negative, for children, parents, same-sex couples, families, social structure, and public health are enormous. Given the importance of the issue, the value of comprehensive debate of the reasons for and against legalizing same-sex marriage should be obvious. Marriage is much more than merely a commitment to love one another. Aside from societal and religious conventions, marriage entails legally imposed financial responsibility and legally authorized financial benefits. Marriage provides automatic legal protections for the spouse, including medical visitation, succession of a deceased spouse's property, as well as pension and other rights. When two adults desire to "contract" in the eyes of the law, as well a perhaps promise in the eyes â€Å"God†, their friends, and family, to be responsible for the obligations of marriage as well as to enjoy its benefits. Should the law prohibit their request merely because they are of the same gender? Because of Article IV of the United States Constitution, there is no reason why neither the federal government nor any state government should restrict marriage to a predefined heterosexual relationship. Marriage has undergone many changes throughout the years. In Western law, wives are now equal rather than subordinate partners; interracial marriage is now widely accepted, both in statute and in society; and marital failure itself, rather than the... Free Essays on Gay Marriages Gay Marriages We as a nation are clearly undecided on the issue of gay marriages. Presidential spokesman Scott McClellan said that thirty-eight states have passed legislation outlawing gay marriages. With other states debating on if they should or shouldn’t allow these couples to marry, it has left the homosexual community in an uncomfortable position. There are some people who think that gay people have no rights and should never be allowed to marry. On the other hand, some people believe that gay people are just like anyone else and should enjoy the same rights and privileges as heterosexuals do. In my opinion, the United States should allow gay couples to marry just like any other heterosexual couple. Gay people are disliked and looked down upon; everyone has their own reasons to dislike the idea of letting them get married. One of the main reasons is that the primary purpose of marriage is to reproduce. Because gay couples are unable to have children, they should not be allowed to marry. Evidently, gay couples know they are unable to have children; they have accepted it and might not want to ever have children. However, if they would like to have children of their own, they could always adopt. Doing this, would leave fewer children in foster homes and give them a chance to make something of themselves. Which would make more sense: letting child molesters marry or letting harmless homosexuals marry? Also, we permit the elderly and the sexually infertile to marry knowing that they will not be able to produce children. I think that homosexuals can make good parents, if not better parents than heterosexuals. Another main argument is that the word marriage means the union of one man and one woman. Under a proposed bill known as the Defense of Marriage Act, marriage is defined as â€Å"a legal union between one man and one woman as husband and wife.† Furthermore, it defines a spouse as â€Å"A person of the opposite sex who is ... Free Essays on Gay Marriages Part I: Throughout the contents of this paper, I will discuss the article dealing with the legalization of gay marriages in Massachusetts by Richard Cohen. I will begin my discussion by analyzing the article and providing a brief summary of the factual information presented in the text. In addition, I will present my opinion on the article along with corresponding information regarding this particular issue. In turn, I will present my personal beliefs on this topic and support them with other additional information to support my opinions. I will also present more details on the Massachusetts case that legalized gay marriages. This topic is important because this piece of legislation will effect every person and generation in the United States, homosexual or not. Part II: In this portion of my paper, I will summarize the article by Richard Cohen regarding the state of Massachusetts legalizing gay and lesbian marriages. Recently, the state of Massachusetts announced that the band on gay marriages would be lifted. Despite the fact that the majority leader of the House of Representatives Tom Delay is strongly against gay marriages, he may want to stand aside on this issue. Delay, who is known for his adamant concern regarding traditional marriage, needs to understand that not only is the institution of marriage wobbling and wheezing, it is desperately on the rocks. According to statistical research, twenty percent of first marriages do last more than five years, and if the marriage lasts a decade, one third end up in divorce. Married couples, who once dominated both life and television, have gone from a high 80 percent in the 1950?s to only half of American households today. If you look into an average home in the United States today, onl y one in four of those households are married with children, and a reported 86 million adults living in the country are unmarried. It is easy to see from these statistics that traditional marr... Free Essays on Gay Marriages Gay Marriages The essay on gay marriages discusses how gay relationships are harmful to those that are heterosexual. The essay mentions how gay marriages were legalized and how it caused an outburst. There are no facts pointing to how the gay relationships affect those that are heterosexual so I personally do not believe that is necessarily true. I believe gay marriages are just like any other marriage. This particular essay also mentions it is not the gay marriages that are corrupting those marriages that are between a man and a woman and that any marriage can fall apart for any reason. I believe marriages are between two people who are emotionally and physically attracted and connected to one another. America is known as the land of the free and this is how it should remain. It should remain as it is known because America is a country where religion, jobs, and freedom of speech are all legal and harmless. If two men or two women love each other and wan’t to be married until death do them part then let them be. I do not think anyone should be aloud to tell anyone else who and who they are not aloud to marry or live with. Gay marriages are perfectly ok by me and it is not as if the two homosexual lovers are making out in public or anything. So why be offended by it? Black and whites get married and produce children of a mixed race and yet still with all the racism in America there are not half as many complaints or any laws trying to stop that from happening. So what is wrong with society and what happened to the land of the free? Love is love I think. I am in love with my fiancà ©e as he is with me and I would adore getting married to him one day. If there was a law stating I could not marry him I would be in disbelief and I would cause uproar. I can only imagine and wonder what these homosexual couples are thinking. Hate crimes against gays are also a bigger problem than most think. Why can’t we leave them alone and let them l...

Toxicology Paper on Mathew Selavka Essays

Toxicology Paper on Mathew Selavka Essays Toxicology Paper on Mathew Selavka Essay Toxicology Paper on Mathew Selavka Essay Speaker Paper (Dr. Carl Selavka) Dr. Carl Matthew Selavka is one of the world-renowned forensic toxicologists of today. Dr. Selavka has a strong background in biology, chemistry, and forensics, and illustrated that it would be very helpful in the field of forensic science. His background originated from Indiana University where he received his Bachelor of Arts double major in Chemistry and Forensic Science and at Northeastern University where he received a Master of Science in Forensic Chemistry in 1985 and his Doctor of Philosophy in Forensic Analytical Chemistry in 1987. Upon completing the ROTC program at Indiana, Dr. Selavka went to serve the US army. Upon serving, he attended graduate school and continued in education until he received his Doctoral at Northeastern before serving as an active duty member in the United States Army Medical Service Corps from 1987 to 1991. After serving a number of positions in the US Army medical service corps, Dr. Selavka began a career as Director of Forensic Operations at the National Medical Services, Inc. in Willow Grove, PA. One of the main duties he undertook included overseeing the Forensic Science Division of a private toxicology and criminalistics laboratory. In February 1994, Dr. Selavka was promoted to the Director of Criminalistics where he undertook the responsibility of all administrative aspects of the Criminalistics Department. During his position here, he oversaw many different cases where the quantitative and qualitative analysis of drugs found in things ranging from botanicals to IV bags was performed. In 1996, Dr. Selavka left this position to become a Director of Forensic Services at the New York State Division of Criminal Justice services in Albany, New York. In the two years he was there, he accomplished many things from directing the implementation and maintenance of the DNA databank for NY State convicted offenders to implementing centralized training for NYS forensic scientists. By the summer of 1998 Dr. Selavka had transitioned to Director of the Massachusetts State Police Crime Laboratory system in Sadbury Massachusetts. The State Police Crime Laboratories were engaged in all types of criminalistics analysis ranging from forensic DNA testing to toxicology to processing evidence from murder, rape and arson cases. Dr. Selavka was responsible for the State DNA Databank and Office of Alcohol Testing. After a nine year period working for the Massachusetts State police, Dr. Selavka left and became a Forensic Science Officer for the US Army Criminal Investigation lab in FT. Gillem Georgia for a year. He then worked as a Production services Manager for the US Air Force Drug Testing Laboratory in Brooks City-Base, San Antonio, Texas until April of last year. Dr. Selavka currently works as a Forensic Toxicologist for Avee Laboratories in Clearwater, Florida. He is also a Forensic Reporting Officer at Trimega Laboratories, Ltd. in London, UK; Cape Town, SA; Ulm, Germany, and a Consulting Forensic Scientist for the Department of Defense and Para-military organizations. Dr. Selavka’s presentation ranged on the many different aspects of Forensic Toxicology. The first part of his discussion centered on the types of drugs toxicologist are interested in. Drugs that were mentioned included benzodiazepines, depressants, opiates, cocaine, amphetamines, marijuana and alcohol. Dr. Selavka pointed out that Alcohol stands out from the other drugs as it is the largest contributing factor to vehicle related accidents as well as consequently deaths. Dr. Selavka also included regular toxicologist studies such as the testing for carbon monoxide, cyanide, inhalants, metals, pesticides and herbicides. Dr. Selavka throughout his discussion participated in numerous engaging interactions with the students, often of comedian value as he illustrated the quantitative and qualitative factors of the range of drugs he discussed about. He also shared that baby boomers used drugs, only now were they using expensive opioid pharmaceuticals that they got prescribed from their doctors. Dr. Selavka had numerously communicated that â€Å"the statistics don’t lie†. A major area that Dr. Selavka has also considerable experience is testing for compliance. He mentioned that any type of employment that are considered safety and security sensitive positions will require some type of bodily testing to detect the presence of illegal drugs. The most common type of testing is urine testing. Dr. Selavka also spent a great deal of time explaining in detail how drugs enter the system, what happens when they enter, and how they leave. He explained the importance of this in four steps of what he calls â€Å"The Average Man Theory†. This theory was similar to what we have been covering in class from chapter nine. The difference was that Richard Saferstein focused on the details of how alcohol is absorbed, distributed, and eliminated in the body, while Dr. Selavka explained in greater detail how alcohol and other drugs go through this process in a human body. Dr. Selavka also explained the importance of each step on how it relates to testing and its elimination in the human body. In His presentation, Dr. Selavka also discussed how during the absorption process of a drug enters the blood stream through skin, lungs, or gastrointestinal tract and is carried by simple diffusion via plasma, proteins, or red blood cells. Alcohol was discussed in great detail, given its major role in our society. and Dr. Selavka mentioned some interesting facts that has also been mentioned in our textbook regarding alcohol and its absorption. Richard Saferstein demonstrates in his text book how alcohol can be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract into the bloodstream at radically different speeds based on the total time taken the consume the drink and its alcohol content, the amount consumed, and the quantity and type of food present in the stomach while drinking. Dr. Selavka discussed this process in a very similar fashion. After explaining the processes of absorption, Dr. Selavka discussed the distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the alcohol content. Dr. Selavka used a chart in his presentation to communicate get detection windows of certain drugs and how long they last in the human body. This allowed easy comparisons and conclusions to be drawn from how long drugs stay in the human body and when to consider testing urine, oral fluid, breath, blood, sweat, and hair respectively. The information on a sweat patch testing was new to me and I found it incredibly fascinating all the while simplistically brilliant, or brilliantly simplistic. Dr. Selavka went on to explain the different types of testing and spent a great deal of time talking about hair testing. He expelled many rumors about hair testing that the class had preconceived, and clearly described the boundaries of hair testing today. He presented a diagram of the Dermal Papilla and explained how in this area the blood flow nourishes the bottom part of the hair located near the dermis and that it is where blood delivers drugs that become permanently trapped in the hair. After explaining the complexities of hair analysis, Dr. Selavka finally concluded the future of drug testing and its limitations and what to expect in the near future. Dr. Selavka’s presentation was very extensive and provided a range of information presented in a calculated manner. The quality of his presentation parallels that with his expertise in the field, and really engaged the class in participating and running mock conclusions based on previous cases he had encountered. All in all, he is clearly one of the leading experts in his field, world-wide. If he had more time, I would have asked him if he believed drug testing had a future, or could people be, ironically, using drugs to clean other drugs?